What is a mps file and how do I open a mps file?

The MPS file extension is known as the Mathematical Programming System File. It is a mathematical data used for linear programming (LP) optimization and mixed integer programming problems which was developed by IBM. Linear programming consists of four components: decision variables, objective function, constraints and data.  It is saved using ASCII text and contains parameters in a column-based format. Though it is a column based format, it only allows 12 characters in its numeric field. Most MPS files in fixed format conform to the CPLEX extensions. CPLEX represents complex business problems. With MPS, the problems are specified by column (variable) rather than by row (constraint). It is used for business owners to create economic strategies and solutions that will optimize their success within specific constraints. New versions of the system include quadratic programming. Files in the MPS file format can be opened with Other text Editor in Microsoft Windows, Mac and Linux platforms.  

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